The chain reaction that takes place in the core of a nuclear reactor is controlled by rods which absorb neutrons and which can be inserted or withdrawn to set the reactor at the required power level.

The fuel elements are surrounded by a substance called a moderator to slow the speed of the emitted neutrons and thus enable the chain reaction to continue. Water, graphite and heavy water are used as moderators in different types of reactors.

Because of the kind of fuel used (ie the concentration of U-235, see below), if there is a major uncorrected malfunction in a reactor the fuel may overheat and melt, but it cannot explode like a bomb.

A typical 1000 megawatt (MWe) reactor can provide enough electricity for a modern city of up to one million people. About 35 such nuclear reactors could provide Australia's total electricity needs.

Uranium and Plutonium

A typical 1000 megawatt (MWe) reactor can provide enough electricity for a modern city of up to one million people. About 35 such nuclear reactors could provide Australia's total electricity needs.